JLPT N5 Particle 5 examples 5 min read

を (o) – The object particle

を marks the direct object of an action, and also the place you move through or leave.

Meaning

を is read “o”. It follows the thing an action is done to: 水(みず)を飲(の)みます (I drink water). It also marks the route of movement (道(みち)を歩(ある)く) and the place you leave (家(いえ)を出(で)る).

Formation

How to build this grammar pattern, with an example for each case.

Noun+を+Verb formation
Use Structure Example Meaning
Direct object I drink water.
Route I walk along the road.
Leaving I leave the house.
Do (する) I study.

Usage notes

Pronounced o

を is used only as a particle and sounds like o.

Action verbs

Eat, drink, read, watch, buy and similar verbs take を for what is acted on.

Not for emotion

好(す)き, 分(わ)かる and ある take が, not を.

Example sentences

本(ほん)を読(よ)みます。
I read a book.
朝(あさ)ご飯(はん)を食(た)べます。
I eat breakfast.
音楽(おんがく)を聞(き)きます。
I listen to music.
公園(こうえん)を散歩(さんぽ)します。
I take a walk in the park.
バスを降(お)ります。
I get off the bus.

Common mistakes

✗ Incorrect水(みず)が飲(の)みます。
✓ Correct水(みず)を飲(の)みます。
The object of an action verb takes を.
✗ Incorrect日本語(にほんご)を分(わ)かります。
✓ Correct日本語(にほんご)が分(わ)かります。
分(わ)かる takes が.

Similar grammar

が

Subject or state

猫(ねこ)が好(す)きです。 I like cats.

に

Target person or place

友達(ともだち)に会(あ)います。 I meet a friend.

で

Place of action

公園(こうえん)で走(はし)ります。 I run in the park.

Quick quiz

1. 本(ほん)( )読(よ)みます。

2. 水(みず)( )飲(の)みます。

3. 音楽(おんがく)( )聞(き)きます。

4. 家(いえ)( )出(で)ます。

5. 道(みち)( )歩(ある)きます。

6. 勉強(べんきょう)( )します。

7. How is the particle を pronounced?

8. Which sentence is correct?

9. コーヒー( )飲(の)みます。

10. In 公園(こうえん)を散歩(さんぽ)します, を marks…

Frequently asked questions

Why is を pronounced o?

を is an old character that now appears only as the object particle. It is read o, the same as お.

Can I use を with 好(す)き?

No. 好(す)き, 嫌(きら)い, 上手(じょうず) and 分(わ)かる take が for the thing involved.

Practice JLPT N5 grammar

Take a mock test to check that you can use Noun+を+Verb with confidence.

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