JLPT N5 Particle 5 examples 5 min read

と (to) – “And” and “with”

と joins nouns as “and”, and marks the person you do something with.

Meaning

と lists nouns completely: 本(ほん)とペン is “a book and a pen”. After a person it means “with”: 友達(ともだち)と行(い)く is “go with a friend”. It also compares: A は B と 同(おな)じ is “A is the same as B”.

Formation

How to build this grammar pattern, with an example for each case.

Noun+と formation
Use Structure Example Meaning
And a book and a pen
With I go with a friend.
Same as I am the same as my brother.

Usage notes

Complete list

と lists all items. Use や when you mention only some.

Alone

一人(ひとり)で means alone, so do not use と.

Between nouns

Do not put と after the last noun.

Example sentences

本(ほん)とノートを買(か)います。
I buy a book and a notebook.
友達(ともだち)と映画(えいが)を見(み)ます。
I watch a movie with a friend.
先生(せんせい)と話(はな)しました。
I talked with the teacher.
私(わたし)と妹(いもうと)は学生(がくせい)です。
My sister and I are students.
家族(かぞく)と住(す)んでいます。
I live with my family.

Common mistakes

✗ Incorrect友達(ともだち)に行(い)きます。
✓ Correct友達(ともだち)と行(い)きます。
With a person is と. に would mean to a friend.
✗ Incorrect肉(にく)と魚(さかな)と食(た)べます。
✓ Correct肉(にく)と魚(さかな)を食(た)べます。
と only joins nouns; the object still needs を.

Similar grammar

や

Some examples (and so on)

本(ほん)やペンがあります。 There are books, pens and so on.

に

Direction or target person

友達(ともだち)に会(あ)います。 I meet a friend.

も

Also

私(わたし)も行(い)きます。 I will go too.

Quick quiz

1. 友達(ともだち)( )行(い)きます。

2. 本(ほん)( )ノートを買(か)います。

3. 先生(せんせい)( )話(はな)しました。

4. 私(わたし)( )妹(いもうと)は学生(がくせい)です。

5. 家族(かぞく)( )住(す)んでいます。

6. Which particle lists every item?

7. 映画(えいが)を友達(ともだち)( )見(み)ます。

8. How do you say “I go alone”?

9. Which sentence uses と correctly?

10. と after a person means…

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between と and や?

と lists everything. や lists a few examples from a longer list.

Can と join verbs?

No. At N5 と joins nouns. Use て-form or ~ながら to connect verbs.

Practice JLPT N5 grammar

Take a mock test to check that you can use Noun+と with confidence.

Start mock test